The Epidemic Of Infectious Disease - 1710 Words

The words â€Å"infectious disease† have been feared by humans from the time they were initially discovered and this fear continues to persist into the current status of the 21st century. This inherent fear stems from the ability of the tiny, pathogenic microorganisms responsible for these infectious diseases to wipe out thousands, or even millions from the human population. Though some may view infectious disease is an issue of the past, it still wreaks havoc in many of the worlds’ developing nations (Tambo et al., 2016). Developed countries such as Canada and the U.S. have seen an epidemiologic transition of the top killers of disease; moving away from traditional infectious disease to more modern chronic illnesses including cancer and cardiovascular disease (Gordis, 2014). However, developing countries in Africa are lagging behind, and are still experiencing a disproportionate rate of infectious disease. Two of the culprits responsible for these high infectious disea se rates in Southern and Western Africa, are HIV and Ebola, respectively (Wainberg et al., 2014). Similarities Differences Between Two Viral Killers: HIV Ebola HIV and Ebola share similarities with respect to suspected origin and routes of transmission but the outcomes for these two infections are vastly different (Tambo et al., 2016). Both viruses are zoonotic in nature, with primates as the known original hosts for HIV and bats and primates hypothesized to be the original hosts for Ebola (CDC, 2015). RoutesShow MoreRelatedInfectious Diseases And The Epidemic Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesInfectious diseases according to the Mariam Webster Dictionary, is â€Å"a disease caused by the entrance into the body of organisms (as bacteria, protozoans, fungi, or viruses) which grow and multiply there†. Infectious diseases has been one of the biggest issues facing mankind since the beginning of time. Particularly due to the fact that we will never truly get rid of infectious diseases as a new one seems to appear every few years. From diseases such as the great plague, the H1N1 influenza and moreRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Disease91 1 Words   |  4 Pagespreventing infectious diseases from spreading throughout the human population. However, despite their attempts new and emerging viruses such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola and sudden acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have continued to develop and cause a drastic impact on society worldwide . As the development of new diseases continues to emerge worldwide there has been an increase in concerns regarding the importance of acquiring new methods to detect and help prevent the spread of infectious diseases. With thisRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Diseases Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesFor thousands of years, infectious diseases have had a strong influence over human populations by challenging the immune system to continuously adapt to new virulent strains. With the advantage of reproducing more rapidly than the human immune response, microorganisms that cause even minor infections can prove to be fatal (Parham, 2015). Over time, outbreaks such as ‘The Great Plague’ have threatened to bring an end to society. Without the ability to contain these diseases geographically and provideRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Diseases987 Words   |  4 Pagesconnects to the other. That means it must links up together in order to be infectious diseases. However, the breaking away of any of the link will mean that, transmission of infection is stopped. On the other hand, breaking of any chain can stop the transmission of infection. The concept (infectious diseases) have been one of the major killers of both living and nonliving things and this term was recently replaced with chronic diseases as well as injuries as primary killers in the United States of AmericaRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Diseases Essay1898 Words   |  8 Pagesdefines infectious diseases as â€Å"diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly from one person to another† (World Health Organization [WHO], n.d.). Infectious diseases have been plaguing humanity since the beginning of time. One can find stories of infectious diseases outbreaks in various history and/or science textbooks, different disease-based websites, and even the Bible. These types of diseases are treatableR ead MoreInfectious And Deadly Diseases : An Indispensable Approach For Understanding Epidemics Of Infectious Diseases890 Words   |  4 PagesResearch paper Infectious and deadly diseases have been known to spread over social networks of people and animals. Network epidemiology has been proved as an indispensable approach for understanding epidemics of infectious diseases and is often used in medical epidemiology and network science. The most famous and practical example of network epidemiology is the GLEAMviz platform, which succeeded in forecasting the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, saving millions of lives. Behind network epidemiology, one canRead MoreEpidemiological Trends And Design Control Programs Essay1710 Words   |  7 PagesWhen looking at infectious diseases and epidemics, one of the better ways of seeing its impact is through mathematical models. Mathematical models allow us to examine the potential impact of these epidemics a well as potential control of the situations. Anderson and May (1992) describe the use of mathematical models, and how they’re advantageous in showing stages of infectious agents within human communities, in order to help interpret epidemiological trends and design control programs. InitiallyRead MorePrevention And Prevention Of Infectious Diseases881 Words   |  4 PagesEliminating Infectious Disease Infectious diseases are viruses, bacteria, or fungi that are transmitted from one another by contact, bodily fluids, or contaminated air, food, or water supply. The diseases make up one-fourth to one-third of worldwide deaths annually and are a major threat to human health. It was believed that vaccines, antibiotics, and public health had effectively eliminated the threat of infectious disease. Because of the belief that infectious diseases were a thing of the pastRead MoreIntroduction To The Accomplishment Of GHSA890 Words   |  4 Pagesinternational organizations and non-governmental sectors are vital to the prevent, detect and respond framework. The support of GHSA has contributed to JEE tool under the IHR, helping to identify the most urgent needs of countries in high risk of infectious disease outbreaks and strengthening their potential for health security surveillance. The GHSA initiation should continue past the five-year roadmap to invest in the needed capacity of infrastructures, personnel and equipment’s and also focused inRead MoreThe Disease Aids And The Us Public Health Department1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Disease AIDS And The US Public Health Department The disease AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. The epidemic disease AIDS affected the US in 1981. The disease AIDS is defined according the world health Organization (WHO) ‘’ Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a term which applies to the most advanced stages of HIV infection†. An outbreak virus that struck women, men, and children from every single part of world. A known disease of gay men that caused

Immigration in the 1920’s Free Essays

The way people were treated in the early 1920s would be considered outrageous today, but the discrimination has not come to a hault just yet. After carrying on for years, immigration laws are still being established today. Immigration has had a huge impact on modern day America because it created the quota laws, which have successfully helped the immigrants find their place in this society today, and discrimination has decreased dramatically, but has not concealed itself from this problem completely. We will write a custom essay sample on Immigration in the 1920’s or any similar topic only for you Order Now The immigrants wanting to come to our country saw our world as a new start or even a new life for them, that’s when 1920s they decided to take immigration laws to the extreme to keep the massive flow of people out, â€Å"In 1919 a bill was introduced to suspend all immigration entirely while congress worked out a permanent plan for a more tightly restrictive policy† (Wepman 242). Although this law was only temporary, just shortly after more things started changing, â€Å"Signed by President Harding on May 19, 1921 called ‘the most important turning-point in American immigration history. An act to limit the immigration of aliens into the United States. † (Wepman 242). The limiting of the immigrants into the United States wasn’t the worst part, â€Å"One of the most painful results of the new quota restrictions was that they made no distinctions for personal relationships and often seperated families. †(Wepman 244). With of the family troubles that the immigrants had to deal with, â€Å"After the civil war the former slaves began to drift away from the rural south, where more than 90 percent of the black population of the United States had lived in antebellum era. †(Archdeacon 131).Even though right before World War I started, â€Å"Immigration dropped to new lows. During the 1930’s the annual quota was never completely filled, the total numbering less than 100,000 a year, and many emigrated out of the country. †(Daniels 247). With all these quota laws and such, that didn’t stop the discrimination from occurring. Many things with discrimination and the process of going through Ellis Island changed a lot over the 1920s. After World War I the immigration level reached an all time high after the lull during the war. â€Å"The Immigration Act of 1924 created a permanent quota system (that of 1921 was only temporary), educing the 1921 annual quota from 358,000 to 164,000. † (Wepman 243). Eventually they negotiated enough and got the number of immigrants down to 154,000.The whole point of the quota acts was to maintain the â€Å"character† of the United States. Although President Johnson wanted to eliminate all immigration not everyone did, â€Å"The unions, which had approved Johnson’s idea of banning all immigration, accepted it as a good compromise, and the New York Daily news applauded it for its protection of American job market from a flood of aliens willing to work for low wages. (Wepman 242). Now, as we are in the 21st century, and the economy at one of its lowest points, the immigrants of the world today are lucky to get a job with a minimum wage pay or even a job because of their race. After all these new laws were set, they had to have some kind of protection to keep the immigrants out, that is when they created Border Patrol. There was an over flow of laborers coming from the South which resulted in the establishment of U. S. Border Patrol on May 8, 1924.The Border Patrol consisted of over 450 officers; â€Å"Their main job was to ride the Mexican border on horseback seeking out smugglers and the hiding places of illegal aliens. †(Tischauser 100). Not only did they create the Border Patrol, they mad a ten-dollar visa fee with an additional six-dollar head tax for each applicant trying to get through. That new rule alone limited down the number of people to cross the border because only very few Mexicans made enough money to pay that fee. â€Å"During the first three years of operation, the Border Patrol turned back an annual average of fifteen thousand Mexicans seeking illegal entry. †(Tischauser 100).These numbers looked great for congress but the number of illegal immigrants started to become outrageously large, â€Å"Because of such fears, Congress, in 1929, voted to double the size of the Border Patrol and demanded a crackdown on illegal entry, and increased Border security. †(Tischauser 101). Although the 1920s was filled with glamour, there were other sides to this nation with horrible discrimination and racial issues. The Ku Klux Klan was a racist group of people that would do anything and go to any extreme to get the racial segregation they wanted and the white supremacy.There are over 40 different Klan groups that have previously xisted, â€Å"At first, the Ku Klux Klan focused its anger and violence on African-Americans, on white Americans who stood up for them, and against the federal government which supported their rights. Subsequent incarnations of the Klan, which typically emerged in times of rapid social change, added more categories to its enemies list, including Jews, Catholics, homosexuals, and different groups of immigrants. † (Anti-Defamation League). Throughout the years, the Klan had reached over four million members and just as they hit their peak, until people started realizing how racially absurd this group of Klansmen really was.Not shortly after that the Klan had split at the Democratic presidential convention and the public did not heed this very well, â€Å"by the end of the 20’s, a power struggle among the top positions of the Klan caused the group to split. The Klan quickly fizzled out with the conviction of the head of the Indiana Klan. Only a handful of Klansmen was the remainder of the millions that so previously had approved of the Klan’s violent acts† (Keeney). After all was said and done, the simplest way to put the KKK was, â€Å"they became champions of vigilante justice against bootleggers, wife-beaters, and adulters. (Keeney). Although the Klu Klux Klan â€Å"saw themselves as protecting the American family† (Kenney 1), many of the quota laws would set immigration up to fail. In our society today, we could have possibly reached an all time low in racism. In the state of Arizona, the governor has now passed a very sketchy law, â€Å"It requires police officers, â€Å"when practicable,† to detain people they reasonably suspect are in the country without authorization and to verify their status with federal officials, unless doing so would hinder an investigation or emergency medical treatment. †(New York Times). Having the discrimination back in the 1920s has carried on throughout the years, to the point where if a person walking down the street looks slightly Hispanic, police can demand to see documents that prove you are a citizen of this country that we live in. Immigrants’ back then thought they had it bad, the United States now bring all that racial hate back. . Immigration has had a huge impact on modern day America by setting the quota laws, the immigration acts, creating Border Patrol, and by trying to help people realize that even though you are from a different racial descent, you are still just as important as anyone else. Even though people may look at those of different ethnicities as less capable to do your job, they are actually the ones that are doing all the dirty work that we don’t want to do, so in the long run, we should be thanking them. Although Arizona has brought about the discrimination again, mostly throughout the United States people keep their hateful comments to themselves, and you don’t really find many gang members out there anymore, but everyone walking down the street should watch their back because you never know what’s coming for you. Works Cited Archdeacon, Thomas J. Becoming American. New York: The Free Press, 1983 Daniels, Roger. Coming to America. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1990 Wepman, Dennis. Immigration: From the founding of Virginia to the closing of Ellis Island. New York: Facts on File Inc. , 2002 Strelssguth, Thomas. The Roaring Twenties. New York: Facts on File Inc. , 2001 â€Å"Racism in the 1920s: The rise of the KKK and anti-immigration. † Kim Kenney. 15 January 2009, 2 May 2010. http://americanhistory. suite101. com/article. cfm/racism_in_the_1920s â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Discrimination† 2 May 2010. http://law. jrank. org/pages/9625/Racial-Ethnic-Discrimination. html How to cite Immigration in the 1920’s, Papers

Corporate A Responsibility Global Business - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Corporate A Responsibility Global Business? Answer: Introduction: The continuous reporting framework or the need of ASX has adequate significance for the Australian organisations. In accordance with this need, the Australian firms need to perform some particular obligations associated with the disclosure of share-related information under the Listing Rules 3.1 and 3.1A. As per the continuous disclosure need of ASX, the business firms are needed to provide any particular information to the ASX having material influence on the share prices of the organisations (Kabir, Rahman and Su 2017). ASX states that the disclosure obligation is crucial for the Australian firms in increasing the efficacy and transparency in the share market. However, it is to be mentioned that certain questions are associated with the importance and effectiveness of the continuous disclosure regime of ASX in relation to the Australian firms. For establishing such necessity of the framework for the Australian firms, it is of utmost importance to explain about the significance of the continuous disclosure regime. Particularly, discussion has been made about the possible advantages that the Australian entities could obtain by adhering to the doctrines and standards of the continuous disclosure regime. Hence, the current report aims to discuss whether this regime is useful for the ASX listed organisations or not. Literature review: With the help of the continuous disclosure regime, it could be cited that the Australian firms could seek certain benefits by adhering to its obligations and they are demonstrated briefly as follows: Properly informed market: The continuous disclosure regime enables the business organisations to disclose adequate information to the investors, which would help them in making rightful judgement regarding the prices of the shares (Birt, Muthusamy and Bir 2017). In this regard, it is to be borne in mind that the firms are not expected to publish falsified or misleading information to the investors for attracting investments in their organisations. Along with this, with the help of the continuous disclosure regime, the organisations are able to answer to the market speculations and rumours having material effect on the share prices of the organisations (Malak, Chern and Shabani 2017). Timely disclosure of information: The next significant influence of the continuous disclosure regime on the Australian firms is the timely disclosure of information. Such obligation related to continuous disclosure denotes that the organisations are accountable to reveal information, which are sensitive and it has material impact on the share prices, as soon as they know the same. However, the organisations could avoid this rule, in which the disclosure could be withheld. In accordance with the same principle, the Australian firms are obliged in revealing timely information, when it is not withheld legitimately. Along with this, the firms are needed to provide justifications to any type of market rumour or obligation associated with the share prices (North 2014). Identical access to information: The regime of continuous disclosure enables all the investors to benefit equally from identical access to the share-related information of the Australian entities. In conformance to this disclosure framework, the Australian entities are obliged to ensure the availability of price sensitive information equally to all the investors. The intention is to assure that some investors are not placed in a beneficial or disadvantageous position in contrast to the other investors (Burca, Mates and Puscas 2015). Such aspect assures the transparency of the share market. When the selective disclosure is not present, the chances of insider trading to the materially price sensitive information of shares are minimised. Thus, it is to be mentioned that this specific aspect enables in winning the confidence of the shareholders and the investors in ASX. Premature disclosure: Another main intention of implementing continuous disclosure framework is the restriction of the premature disclosure of information associated with shares (Henderson et al. 2015). It is to be borne in mind that the adoption of the continuous disclosure regime enables in maintaining a balance between the timely release of material information regarding shares and the premature release of share information to be contributed to the creation of falsified share market. When the continuous disclosure framework is not present, the organisations attempt to make false prices for their securities and shares. Due to this reason, the business firms need not be associated to form environment that might result in conflicting and falsified information regarding securities and shares (Duffy 2014). Different commercial interests: The adoption of the continuous disclosure framework enables in protecting the commercial interests of various parties engaged in share market transactions. The continuous disclosure regime enables the business organisations to strike a balance between the timely release of materially sensitive information of shares along with protecting the commercial interests of the investors and shareholders (Overland 2014). Due to this reason, the Australian organisations are needed to maintain the privacy of share-related information. In order to protect the commercial interests of the shareholders and investors, it has become possible to win their trust in the share market. Due to this specific reason, the Australian entities need to adhere to the continuous disclosure regime (Kent and Zunker 2015). Privacy of information withheld from disclosure: The continuous disclosure regime states that the Australian organisations are needed to maintain the privacy of sensitive share information withheld from the investors and shareholders. The business firms have the right of spreading sensitive information to the commercial partners and advisers; however, these partners and commercial partners do not have the right of trading in the securities and shares of the organisation depending on such information. This is because such information is not available to the investors. Such specific aspect denotes that it is on the firms in maintaining the privacy of the disclosed information to the investors and shareholders (Jackson et al. 2015). Remedies and enforcement: The continuous disclosure regime enables the Australian firms to establish provisions of enforcement and remedies associated with the sensitive material information for the shares. The adoption of continuous disclosure regime helps the organisations in the formation of consistent and clear guidance for the release of material share and price sensitive information (Chang, Jackson and Wee 2017). Particularly, continuous disclosure regime sets few penalties for various types of circumstances associated with the release of share information on the part of the Australian organisations. Moreover, the organisations could obtain appropriate mechanism in order to provide remedy to the inadequate disclosure of material share and sensitive information. Such aspect has its significance for the Australian forms to release sensitive and material share information. Based on the above discussion, it could be observed that the continuous disclosure regime has innumerable benefits for the Australian entities. The initiation of continuous disclosure regime enables the business firms to release considerable amount of information for the shareholders and investors. The reason is to undertake appropriate investment decisions (Riaz, Ray and Ray 2015). Besides this, the Australian firms need to perform the duty of disclosing material and price sensitive information at the time of obtaining them. Hence, all such aspects perform a crucial role for the listed entities in releasing the pertinent and rightful information in the equity market. Moreover, it could be seen that the presence of continuous disclosure regime makes the identical distribution of sensitive material information to the shareholders and investors. Hence, it could be cited that this framework performs a crucial part in the minimisation of information asymmetry between the investors and li sted entities. Timely and effective disclosure is an efficient tool to implement governance in the companies associated with the share trading. All such aspects signify that continuous disclosure regime performs a crucial role for the Australian firms to release share information having material effect on the share prices of the organisations. Conclusion: Based on the above evaluation, it could be cited that the continuous reporting framework or the need of ASX has adequate significance for the Australian organisations. In accordance with this need, the Australian firms need to perform some particular obligations associated with the disclosure of share-related information under the Listing Rules 3.1 and 3.1A. As per the continuous disclosure need of ASX, the business firms are needed to provide any particular information to the ASX having material influence on the share prices of the organisations. Particularly, continuous disclosure regime sets few penalties for various types of circumstances associated with the release of share information on the part of the Australian organisations. Moreover, the organisations could obtain appropriate mechanism in order to provide remedy to the inadequate disclosure of material share and sensitive information. Such aspect has its significance for the Australian forms to release sensitive and material share information. Hence, it could be cited that this framework performs a crucial part in the minimisation of information asymmetry between the investors and listed entities. Timely and effective disclosure is an efficient tool to implement governance in the companies associated with the share trading. References: Annualreports.com., 2018.Annual Report 2015-16. [online] Available at: https://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReports/PDF/ASX_BAL_2016.pdf [Accessed 16 Jan. 2018]. Birt, J.L., Muthusamy, K. and Bir, P., 2017. XBRL and the Qualitative Characteristics of Useful Financial Information.Accounting Research Journal,30(1). Burca, V., Mates, D. and Puscas, A., 2015. Standard-Setters Versus Big4 Opinion, Concerning Iasb Revision Project of the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting. the Case of Presentation and Disclosures Chapter.Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldis AradEconomics Series,25(2), pp.81-107. Chang, M., Jackson, A.B. and Wee, M., 2017. A review of research on regulation changes in the Asia?Pacific region.Accounting Finance. Duffy, M., 2014. Towards better disclosure of corporate risk: A look at risk disclosure in periodic reporting.Adel. L. Rev.,35, p.385. Fergie, D., 2017. Strategies for selecting small caps.Equity,31(9), p.4. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K. and Howieson, B., 2015.Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Hyatt, V.P. and Approx, A., 2017. ALL going well with acquisition and new games, new CEO looking to continue momentum. Jackson, A.B., Gallery, G. and Balatbat, M.C., 2015. The impact of litigation risk on the strategic timing of management earnings forecasts.Accounting Finance,55(2), pp.467-495. Kabir, H., Rahman, A.R. and Su, L., 2017. The Association between Goodwill Impairment Loss and Goodwill Impairment Test-Related Disclosures in Australia. Kent, P. and Zunker, T., 2015. A stakeholder analysis of employee disclosures in annual reports.Accounting Finance. Lewis, G., 2016. Bellamys Organic: Providing babies and young children with a pure start to life. Part 1 Case Study. Malak, S.S.D.A., Chern, O.S. and Shabani, N.A., 2017. Disclosure of Executive Directors Remuneration from Multiple Theoretical Lenses and Cultural Perspective.Advanced Science Letters,23(4), pp.3151-3154. North, G., 2014. Listed Company Disclosure and Financial Market Transparency: Is this a Battle Worth Fighting or Merely Policy and Regulatory Mantra?.Browser Download This Paper. Overland, J., 2014. Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting and Directors Duties: The Australian Experience. InCorporate Social Responsibility in the Global Business World(pp. 135-152). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Riaz, Z., Ray, S. and Ray, P.K., 2015. Collibration as an alternative regulatory mechanism to govern the disclosure of director and executive remuneration in Australia.International Journal of Corporate Governance,6(2-4), pp.241-274.